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Decrescendo – gradually getting quieter
cresc.
Crescendo – gradually getting louder
rall.
Rallentando; slowing down, gradually
Allegro
Merry, quick, lively, bright
9
8
Time signature indicating a compound triple meter, typically where each measure consists of three beats, and each beat is divided into three eighth notes.
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G flat major of E flat minor key signature
a tempo
Denotes reversion to speed at the beginning of piece or movement after a deviation
rit.
Ritardando – becoming gradually slower
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An emphasis on a particular note, giving a regular or irregular rhythmic pattern
accel.
Accelerando – a direction to increase the speed of a musical performance, often over a fairly long passage
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Staccato – detached. method of singing a note so that it is shortened by being held for less than its full value.
piu
“More” an adverb used in music particularly for tempo adjustments (ex. piu mosso – faster; piu animato – more animated, etc.)
sub.
Subito – suddently, immediately. A word found in scores in such contexts as subito piano (suddenly quiet) etc.
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Tenuto – held; sustained to the end of a note’s full value
div.
Divis – an instruction for one section of the ensemble to divide itself into two or more, taking separate parts that are often notated on the same staff.
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Forte – strong or loud
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Pianissimo – very quiet
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Sharp – the sign which placed before a note raises its pitch by one half step
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Flat – the sign which when placed before a note lowers its pitch one half step
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mezzo-piano – dynamic indication implying moderation; mezzo-piano is less soft, therefore louder, than piano.
Risoluto
Resolute, resolutely; the term appears in scores around 1800 as a tempo marking, later as an expression mark.
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Fermata- the sign showing the end of the phrase or indicating the prolongation of a note or rest beyond its usual value.
Diminuendo
diminishing. Gradually getting quieter
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Duplet; a group of two notes or chords occupying the time of three; usually occurs in a movement in compound time.