Rhythm

Ordered flow of music through time; the pattern of durations of notes and silences in music

 

Timbre
Also known as tone color is the quality of sound that distinguishes one instrument or voice from another
Tempo
Basic pace of the music
Form

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 Organization of musical ideas in time

 

Meter

Organization of beats into regular groups

 

Melody
Series of single tones that add up to a recognizable whole
Texture

Performance of two or more melodic lines of relatively equal interest at the same time is polyphonic,  Single melodic line without accompaniment is monophonic, Term describing music in which one main melody is accompanied by chords is homophonic.

 

Basso Continuo

Baroque accompaniment made up of a bass part usually played by two instruments: a keyboard plus a low melodic instrument.

 

Terranced Dynamics

Abrupt alternation between loud and soft dynamic levels; characteristic of baroque music

 

Ornamentation

little trills and other things added to main notes of a piece of music in order to make it more interesting

 

Ripieno

All of the instruments who don’t play as soloists are the ripieno which is background to the soloist in concerto grosso form.

 

Oratorio

 

Large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative text, but without acting, scenery, or costumes, often based on biblical stories.

 

Concerto

Extended composition for instrumental soloist and orchestra usually in three movements: Fast, slow, fast

 

Rondo Form

Compositional form featuring a main theme that returns several times in alternation with other themes such as A B A C A and A B A C A B A.  Rondo is often the form of the last movement in classical symphonies, string quartets, and sonatas. 

 

String Quartet

Composition for two violins, a viola, and a cello; usually consisting of four movements. 

 

Symphony (Composition)

Orchestral composition, usually in four movements, typically lasting between 20 and 45 minutes, exploiting the expanded range of tone color and dynamics of the orchestra. 

 

Requiem
Mass of the dead
Nationalism

Inclusion of folk songs, dances, legends, and other national material in a composition to associate it with the composer’s homeland

 

Tone Poem
Also known as symphonic poem is programmatic composition for orchestra in one movement, which may have a traditional form (such as sonata or rondo) or an original irregular form.
Verismo
Real life operas with real life characters
rubato
Slight holding back or pressing forward of tempo to intensify the expression of the music
Timbre is synonymous with
Tone Color
The relative highness or lowness of a sound is called
Pitch
Dynamics
… in music refers to degrees of loudness
Plucking the string with the finger instead of using a bow is called
Pizzicato
Fortissimo indicates that a passage is to be played
very loud
A gradual increase in loudness is known as
crescendo
When a performer emphasizes a note by playing it louder than the notes around it, it’s called
accent
WHen the string player causes small pitch fluctuatuons by rocking the left hand while pressing the string down it is called
Vibrato
A sound that has a definite pitch is called
Tone
What language have composers traditionally used to indicate dynamics and tempos?
Italian
Chorale
The term for a lutheran congregational hymn
The first opera house in Europe to offer entry to anyone with the price of admission opened in the year
1637
The baroque style in music flourished betwee the years
1600-1750
A sonata intended to be played in church, and therefore dignified and suitable for sacred performance
Sonata da chiesa
The beginning of the Baroque Period coincides with the invention of what musical artform
opera
What is the number of musicians needed to perform a trio sonata?
4
A piece for orchestra that features a group of instrumental soloists is called
concerto grosso