| Years the Classical Era flourished |
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Joseph Haydn
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Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Ludwig van Beethoven
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Which years did Haydn live during and how old was he when he died?
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| Lived from 1732-1809; died at age 77 |
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| Which years did Mozart live and how old was he when he died? |
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| Lived from 1756-1791; died at 35 |
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| Which years did Beethoven live and how old was he when he died? |
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| Lived from 1770-1827; died at age 57 |
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| Classical orchestras were composed of what instruments? |
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Strings: 1st biolins, 2nd violins, violas, cellos, double basses
Woodwinds: 2 flutes, 2 clarinets, 2 oboes, 2 bassoons
Brass: 2 French horns, 2 trumpets
Percussion: 2 timpani
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| What was the impact on the music from Haydn and Mozart’s friendship? |
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| They each influenced the other’s music |
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| Why did Beethoven travel to Vienna at 6? |
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| Why did Mozart return to Vienna at 22? |
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| What main sections does sonata-form musc consist of? |
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1. Exposition (themes are presented)
2. Development (themes are treated in new ways)
3.Recapitulation (themes return and are reviewed)
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| How many compositions came from Mozart? |
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| Who cataloged Mozart’s music and why are there “K” numbers? |
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| They were cataloged chronologically by Ludwig von Kochel |
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| What is a symphony and how long does it typically last? |
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| An extended, ambitious composition typically lasting between 20-45 minutes, exploiting and expanding the range of tone color and dynamics of the classical orchestra. |
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| How many movements do symphonies consist of? |
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| What are the movements in a symphony? |
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1. Vigorous, dramatc fast movement
2. Lyrical slow movement
3. Dancelike (minuet or scherzo)
4. Brilliant or heroic fast movement
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| Who were the greatest masters of the classical concerto? |
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| What is Mozart and Beethoven’s favored solo instrument? |
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| What are the movements of a Concerto? |
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1. Fast
2. Slow
3. Fast
(NO MINUET OR SCHERZO)
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| Cadenza is Latin for what? |
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| What movement is a cadenza put into a concerto? |
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| Usually the first and sometimes the third |
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| At what age did Haydn’s life perminantely change for the better? |
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| How did Haydn’s life change? |
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| He began working for the Esterhazys(the richest and most powerful Hungarian noble family) for almost 30 years as a highly skilled servent |
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| What was Haydn’s role in his life as a highly skilled servent? |
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| Compose all the music requested by his patron, conduct the orchestra, coach singers, and oversee the instruments and music library |
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| How many concerts and operas were performed weekly along with daily chamber music? |
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| 2 operas and 2 concerts weekly |
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| How many symphonies and string quartets did Haydn compose? |
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| 104 symphonies and 64 string quartets |
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| Why did Mozart compose his Requiem? |
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| He was commissioned by a stranger |
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| What was Mozart’s belief of the Requiem? |
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| He believed it was for himself and rushed to finish it while he was on his deathbed |
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| Was the Requiem finished before Mozart died? |
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| No, but his friend and pupil, Franz Sussmayer, finished it. |
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| Description of Don Giovanni(Don Juan) |
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| A unique blend of comic and serious opera, combining seduction and slapstick with violence and the supernatural |
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| Overview of Mozart’s Don Giovanni |
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| An extremely seductive but ruthless nobleman who will stop at nothing to satisfy his sexual appetite |
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| At what age did Beethoven feel the first symptoms of deafness? |
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| What coincided with an important change in Beethoven’s musical style? |
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| Victory over the despair of going deaf |
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| What did Beethoven’s works have after his emotional crisis they had lacked before? |
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| A newer sense of power and heroism |
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| What year did Beethoven compose the Third Symphony and what is this symphony also known as? |
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| What was the original name for Beethoven’s Third Symphony? |
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| Bonaparte, a dedication to Napoleon |
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| Why did Beethoven not name the Third Symphony Bonaparte? |
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| Napoleon had proclaimed himself emperor of the French |
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| Beethoven was the first in musical history to do what? |
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| Bridge the classical and romantic eras |
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| What are Beethoven’s most popular works and how large of an orchestra were they written for? |
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| The nine symphonies were written for orchestras larger than Haydn’s or Mozart’s |
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