| “Fly Robin Fly”, The Silver Connection |
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recorded in 1975
considered the first disco song
with the 4/4 beat becomes the model for disco |
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1969 New York
Stonewall Inn Club allowed gay dancing – was raided – instead of capitulating the clubbers fought back and resisted arrest – gave the gay community a visibility it did not have before |
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Elitist New York club that played disco
to be admitted had to be urban, able to dance, have money and be unusual in some way |
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The wildly popular disco band that was once denied entrance from Studio 54
Recorded “Le Freak” in 1978 in response to their rejection from Studio 54 |
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| “Disco Sucks” record destruction |
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| Took place at Comiske field – a response to the elitism that disco had become |
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Considered the birthplace of Hip Hop
However, the birth of Hip Hop was a process that merely started here |
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Lived at 1520 Sedgewicke.
Aug 11, 1973 threw a party using a turntable
Real name – Clive Cambell
From Jamaica |
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| Winner of the NYC Loner Graffiti Competition |
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| In 1906 became the first to transmit radio waves between the US and Scotland |
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| Urban planner who put freeways through the Bronx that led to urban decay and sped up white flight |
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| “The Message” Grand Master Flash and the Furious Five (1982) |
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-considered the the beginning of commercialization of hip hop
-About the dawn of the Reagan era
-Set to a slower beat to emphasize the words over the beat
-About the bottom really falling out on social programs and the pockets of America completely forgotten
-“It’s like a jungle sometimes, it makes me wonder how I keep from going under”
-Blues Impulse |
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First hip hop artist artist to sign record label in 1980 – signed with Uncle Louie Music Group
Hit Song – “The Breaks” |
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1. Graffiti
2. B-Boying (break dancing)
3. MCing
4. DJing |
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| MC who introduced the idea of voice modulating voice through microphone and thus broaden the range of lyrics and the emphasis placed on them |
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| “Walk this Way” Run DMC (1986) |
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-Use metal sound to reach out to a broader audience
-About breaking down walls and barriers and legitimizing hip hop as an important and popular genre
-Lower class whites and urban blacks can agree on feeling increasingly marginalized in Reagan America because he was defining what it meant to be a patriotic, good American in a very limited way |
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Defined Hip Hop as The CNN of black people
Member of Public Enemy |
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| “Fight the Power” Public Enemy |
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-Defiant song – trying to remind the rest of America that black, urban America was still there
-Reflecting and repeating the same culture they were trying to overturn (that is the might makes right cowboy mentality)
-The song itself is militant
– Defends the Nation of Islam as a group that provided the services the government did not |
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| -30 year Republican campaign to lure in Southern voters on race issues |
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1. “us” vs. “them”
2. image trumps reality
3. violence rules
4. money, money, money |
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-R&B infused with hip hop
-Teddy Riley coins term
-Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis usher in this sound as producers using Janet Jackson as their vehicle |
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| The Trouble with Friendship |
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– Book by Benjamin DeMott
-Argues there is a fantasy world of racial harmony being created
-oversimplifies the causes of racism and allows us to ignore the harsh socioeconomic realities faced by many blacks in this countr |
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1983 Michael Jackson Album
– embodies friendship and racial harmony ideology
-internationally best selling album |
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| “Black or White”, Michael Jackson (1991) |
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| -Trying to navigate his ideal world of racial harmony with a less idyllic underlying reality |
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| “Like a Prayer”, Madonna (1984) |
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-Framing a lot of narrative with the narrative creating ironic distance
-See in it what you want to see
-Slippery narratives
-video shows black man accused of rape, finds out he’s innocent so should be let go
-plays on the growing religious fervor of the 1980’s
-Friendship narrative in a fantasized version “Like a Prayer to Me”. |
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| “Sign ‘o’ the Times”, Prince |
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-Prince wasn’t even in the video
-The ultimate withdraw – Prince wants the song to be about the music and the message, not about celebrity
-Thinking about drugs and violence |
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| -a containment of the unsavory to perpetuate the LA myth |
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Architect of LA
prison like structures |
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-part of LA just quartered off by police
-no structure, order – had essentially been abandoned
-gang culture arises
-ultimately the dam bursts |
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First gangsta rapper
Came out of Phillie |
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| The real gangsta who wrote fantasy poetry in jail and inspired ICE-T ‘s persona |
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| “Straight Outta Compton” NWA (1988) |
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-Violent, Vulgar lyrics
-Straight Blues – about coping, not about overcoming
-In some ways, gangsta rap like “Compton” reinforce the black man stereotype
-Debate about whether its a reflection of reality or a glamorization of gang violence |
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| “Welcome to the Jungle”, Guns “N” Roses” |
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-Indicative of the metal sound also coming out of LA
-About the seedy underside of LA
-About exposing this world to everyone else
-Also similar in sonic progression
-Articulates the rage bubbling under “morning in America” |
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| Rodney King (LA riots) 1992 |
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-Rodney King – black man beaten by police
-Marked the end of containment culture in LA
-4,000 injured, 50 killed, billions in property damage, 12,000 arrested
-The social realism in gangsta rap has a moral force it didn’t have before for the rest of America viewing this for the first time |
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| “It Was a Good Day” Ice Cube (1992) |
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-Incorporates the Gospel Impulse – that is the possibility of finding the good and peace
-Chilled out, feel good side of rap
-Yet, at end of video its back to reality |
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| Drops vocals, other instruments to just leave the beat |
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| B-side of records without the lyrics |
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| “Me, Myself and I” De la Sol (1989) |
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Less strong voicing, critique of mainstream and alternative cultures
-about challenging the mainstream hip hop
-not going to follow the trend
-not as racially polarizing
-articulates the rap – different use of the mic
-independent, gentler sensibility, resisting stereotypes |
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| Cash Rules Everything Around Me |
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-Ghetto/poverty and Prison cycle, violence cycle, gangsta with political message mixed in
-Captures the essence of where Tupac was early in his career
-Takes gangsta context and tries to inflict some social/political awareness
-Adds multiple layers of sophistication
-” nah, they can’t keep the black man down” |
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| Film detailing West Coast vs. East Coast feud |
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| Death Row vs. Bad Boy Records |
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At the center of the East/West feud
Death – west Bad Boy – east |
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| Took Jackson 5 model and created New Edition and NKOTB |
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| “End of the Road” Boys II Men (1992) |
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| Broke Elvis’ record for most weeks at number 1 with 13 |
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| Douchebag creator of BSB and N’SYNC |
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| Former NKOTB manager who became BSB manager |
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| The Beat pattern that you need to make bounce music with |
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influenced by Mardi Gras type celebration
-parade type of dance |
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low bass – gets into the cars a little more
RICK ROSS = rapper who uses to a large degree |
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guitarist for Rage Against the Machine
– takes aesthetic of hip hop (distortion and sampling) and patterns the way he plays his guitar after it |
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