Sonata
An orchestra work with 4 movements
Sonata Allegro Form
a structural pattern used by composers first in the 18th century as a means to organize their music.
Ternary form
a three-part A–B–A structure in a piece of music. The first and third parts (A) are musically identical, or very nearly so, while the second part (B) contrasts sharply with it. The B section is often known as a trio.
Concerto
Orchestra work with 3 movements and a prominent soloist
Coda
A classic closing page
Classical Period 1795-1803
20 OF 32 piano sonatas from this period. Beethoven learned about counterpoint and orchestration from Hayden and others.
Heroic Period
Most famous work was at this time. He did 3-8 symphonies, 3-5 piano concertos, 1 violin concerto, and 1 opera fidelio. He was also known for the suicide note at this period.
Late or Reflective Period 1820-1827
concentrated on his last 5 string quartets, last 5 piano sonatas, last symphony #9 (Ode to Joy)
Chamber music
A small group of soloists that play in private houses or salons.
Program music
Concerts where program guides are handed out.
Romantic Melody
Singable songs that were increasingly long and chromatic. Used the 7th suspensions.
chromatic
is a musical scale with twelve equally spaced pitches, each a semitone apart.
dissonance
a simultaneous combination of tones conventionally accepted as being in a state of unrest and needing completion.
Tone Color
New instruments being invented or added to the orchestra.
Felix Mendelson
1st famous conductor
Rhythm
Rubato, a kind of rhythmic improvisation, that sounds like the tempo speaks up and slows down for impressive purposes.
Franz Schubert 1797-1828
Famous salon Musician that performed in private homes
Artsong
song that consists of a pianist and a soloist singer.
Strophic Form
A type of artsong that where the same music is used over and over for several strands of music.
Through composed.
a form of artsong where the music constantly changes to reflect the constant meaning of the text.
Monofied Strophic
A form of artsong were some stanzas are strophic while other stanzas have music that changes to reflect the tone.
tone poem
A piece of orchestra movement where a single continuous section in which a content of a poem or artwork is illustrated or evoked