Andante
medium slow, walking pace
adagio
slow
moderato
moderate
allegro
fast
presto
very fast
Pianissimo
very soft
piano
soft
mezzo piano
medium soft
mezzo forte
medium loud
forte
loud
fortissimo
very loud
crescendo
gradually louder
decrescendo
gradually softer

accelerando

 

gradually faster
ritardando
gradually slower
ritenuto
suddenly slower
con moto
with motion
meno mosso
less motion
doppio movimento
twice as fast, double the movement
a tempo
resume the previous tempo
l’istesso tempo
keep the same tempo
rubato
stolen time, flexible with the tempo
fermata
sustain the note longer than the written value
caesura

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a short pause in the music

;

legato
smooth and connected
tenuto
sustained full value
portato
seperated slightly with a slur
staccato
detached, seperated
staccatissimo
very short
marcato
marked with emphasis
sforzando
sudden strong accent
cantabile
in a singing style
dolce
sweetly
espressivo
expressivly
scherzando
playfully
leggiero
lightly
sostenuto
sustained
maestoso
majestically
pesante
heavy
simile
same
pocco a pocco
little by little
subito
much, very
non
not
sempre
always
senza
without
divisi
divide the part
tutti
all,; everyone play together
tacet
be silent, do not pla
largo
veryslow