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| Gradually Increasing Tempo |
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| Accompanied; with the accompaniment following the soloist |
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| at liberty; speed left to performer. |
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| two voices or instruments; after divisi |
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| two half-note beats; (2/2) |
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| broadening; becoming slower |
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| light; cheerful; like allegro |
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| at a walking pace; at a moderate tempo |
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| a grace note that “leans” on the following note, taking up some of its value in the measure |
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| in time; indication that the performer should return to the main tempo of the piece |
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| attack; direction to begin the next movement immediately |
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| continuous bass; played continuously to provide harmonic support; in Baroque |
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Cesura
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Caesure
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| break, stop; a complete break in sound; “railroad tracks” |
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| a closing section appended to a movement |
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| the act of playing two notes simultaneously on a melodic percussion or stringed instrument |
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| (German) major; used in key signatures |
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| strong/gentle; loud then immediately soft |
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| the imposition of a pattern of rhythm or articulation other than that implied by the time signature |
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| somewhat slowly; not as slow as largo |
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| majestically, in a stately fashion |
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| (German) minor; used in key signatures |
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| motion; usually seen as con moto |
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| repeated rhythmical pattern |
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| (German) full orchestral score |
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| in a pastoral style, peaceful and simple |
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| then; diminuendo poi subito fortissimo (softer then suddenly very loud) |
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| generally sliding in pitch from one note to another; esp. in singing |
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| extremely quick; as fast as possible |
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flexible in tempo, applied to notes within a musical phrase for expressive effect;
“robbed time”
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| dry; as in secco recitative |
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| made loud; sudden strong accent |
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| similarly; continue applying the preceding directive to the following passage |
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| distinct, separated; a way of playing stringed instruments by bouncing the bow on the string |
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| a passage in a fuge in which the contrapuntal texture is more dense, due to the close overlapping entries of the subject in various voices |
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| with a pressing forward or acceleration of the tempo |
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| on the bridge; an indication to bow very near to the bridge |
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| on the fingerboard; an indication to bow over the fingerboard |
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| held; sustained for full value |
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too much;
usually seen as allegro non troppo
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all together, usually used
after a period of a solo section
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one string;
in piano music it means
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hold down the soft pedal
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