Artusi-Monteverdi controversy
Artusi, a conservative composer, thought Monteverdi’s music was awfully composed because of traditional counterpoint and harmony (prima pratica). Monteverdi composed for the text (seconda pratica).
seconda pratica
Monteverdi’s method of composing based on the text.
baroque
the art, architecture, and music of the period 1600-1750. dervied from the word barroco meaning pearl of irregular shape (rough bold sound in music with excessive ornamentation.)
doctrine of affections
belief that musical moods could and should be used to influence the emotions, or affections, of the listeners. relates to the idea of greeks, music can move the soul.
monody
Solo madrigals, solo arias, and solo recitatives (solo vocal music.)
basso continuo
a bass line tha tprovided a never-ending foundation for the meoldy
figured bass
numerical shorthand placed with the bass line that tells the player which unwritten notes to fill in above the written bass note
opera
means “work” a dramatic work or play set to music
libretto
The text that conveys the story of the opera
Florentine Camerata
1570’s discussion of the nature of ancient Greek music
stile rappresentativo
dramatic style, theater style, vocal expression between song and speech
recitative
musically heightened speech, tells the audience what has happened
arioso
halfway between a recitative and a full-blown aria, fewer repeating pitches, more rhythmically elastic
aria
italian for song, more florid, more expansive, and more melodious, more melismas
Giulio Caccini
a composer rival of Peri,wrote Le nuove Musica
Le nuove musiche
described techniques for singing with ornamentations
trillo
repeating percussive effect placed on a single pitch
gruppo
a trill
toccata
a instrumental piece for keyboard or other instruments, technical dexterity required. Orfeo opens with a toccata
Year Peri produced Orfeo (first opera)
1600
Orfeo
son of Apollo falls in love with a human, Euridice, who dies, He goes into hades to save her
Barbara Strozzi
escort and composer of vocal pieces
cantata
a song
basso ostinato
a bass line that insistently repeats
chaconne
a bass melody
passacaglia
a bass melody
ground bass
Girolamo Frescobaldi
Fiori musicale
Organ Mass
toccata
ricercar
subject
countersubject
tonal answer
Arcangelo Corelli
solo sonata
trio sonata
trio sonata da chiesa
trio sonata da camera
binary form
phrygian cadence
Antonio Vivaldi
solo concerto
concerto grosso
ripeno
concertino
ritornello form
fortspinning
orchestra
baroque suite (4 movements and order)
Jean-Baptiste Lully
Vingt-quatre violins du roi (twenty four violins of the kind)
academie royale de musique (Royal Academy of Music)
tragedie lyrique
divertissement
French overture
ballet de cour
air de cour
Armide
Francois Couperin (1668-1733)
L’Art de toucher le clavecin (The Art of Playing the Harpsichord, 1716)
clavecin
ordre
character piece (p. 336)
rondeau (form)
refrain
couplet
agrements
notes inegales
Jean Philippe Rameau (1683-1764)
Traite de l’harmonie (Treatise on Harmony, 1722)
Interpretation of Harpsichord music
Henry Purcell
Dido and Aeneas
ground bass
masque
semi-opera
George Frideric Handel
Oratorio
opera seria
Purcell composed __ Operas.
Handel and the Royal Academy of Music
castrato singers
Handel’s Messiah
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685-1750)
Bach Werke Verzeichnis (BWV)
The Well-Tempered Clavier (WTC)
equal temperament
picardy third
fugue
subject
countersubject
episode
chorale cantata
[passion]
[collegium musicum]
Orgelbuchlein
Well-Tampered Clavier
equal temperament
chorale cantata
No women sang in Bach’s choir because…
St. Thomas church in Leipzig when Bach directed