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Double, Triple, Quadruple Stop
One or both pitches are played on an open string
Glissando
sliding one finger on one string from one pitch to another.
portamento
natural un emphasized glissando
detache’ (fr.)
non legato bowing, performed by changing the direction of the bow for each note.
loure’ (fr.) Portato (It.)
slightly seperating the notes while the bow is being drawn across the string.
staccato
detached or seperate.
Martele'(fr.) Martellato or Marcato (It.)
“to hammer” a fast well articulated heavy separate stroke, resembling a sforzando.
Conscious Spitccato (it.)
slow or moderate tempo, player makes effort to make the bow bounce.
Spontaneous Spiccato
Also called saltando

Player does not have to make a conscious effort to lift the bow

Slurred Spiccato
spiccato notes grouped together in a single bow stroke.
Jete’ (fr.) Ricochet (Eng)
The upper third of the bow is thrown on the string so that it will bounce, producing from two to six or more rapid pitches.
Arpeggiando
On the string slurring of an arpeggio at a fast tempo, cuasing the spontaneous bouncing of the string.
Bowed Tremolo
Single pitch is repeated as often as possible durig the length of the note by means of short, quick up and down bow strokes.
fingered tremolo
interval of a second or larger is quickly repeated, like a trill. notes are slurred together.
sul ponticello (it.) au chevalet (fr.) am steg (ger.)
this effect is produced by playing very near or right on the bridge instead of between the fingerboard and the bridge.
col legno (it.) avec le bois (fr.) mit holz (ger)
using the wood of the bow instead of the string
pizzacato
plucking the strings instead of bowing.