Minstrelsy
white performers in “blackface” imitating their idea of stereotypical black music & dance
Motown
founded by Berry Gordy, Jr. in Detroit, all-black record label, “the sound of young America”
LSD
recreational use of this drug was influential in the development of Psychedelic Rock
12-bar blues
basic blues pattern, 12 measures long, using 3 chords, 3-line lyrical pattern of AAB
AABA form:
Tin Pan Alley form, used by Stephen Foster, the Beatles’ “Yesterday,” Frank Sinatra, etc.
Early Rock ’n’ Roll:
influenced by R&B & Country musical styles
Electronic recording:
1925
Grunge:
Seattle brand of alternative rock – Soundgarden, Pearl Jam, Nirvana
Chicano
term for mexican americans
Disco:
repetitive beat, steady tempo (four on the floor), straightforward & simple lyrics, harmony, & form
Early heavy metal:
influenced by blues & psychedelic rock, the guitar heroes like Jimi Hendrix, mostly British
Punk rock:
1970s cultural & musical style, do-it-yourself, anti-excess of other styles, US & UK
CBGB & OMFUG:
center of New York Punk scene in the 1970s
Nu Metal:
1990s blend of alternative rock, hip-hop, and metal
The Harder They Come:
1972 film featuring a reggae soundtrack
Saturday Night Fever:
1977 film featuring a disco soundtrack
Miami Bass:
Miami/Florida based hip-hop genre, danceable rhythm, electronic drum machine
Electro
computer/synthesizer-generated sound, influential in 80’s synth pop & early hip-hop
Early hip-hop:
turntables, sampling funk music, break dancing, toasting
G-funk
sub-style of hip-hop featuring laid-back grooves & violent lyrics – Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg
Classic Blues
Classic: Written by professional songwriters wanting to cash in on the fascination with authentic negro music. Performed by nightclub singers such as Alberta Hunter and Ethel Waters. Gertrude “Ma” Rainey” – mother of blues and Bessie smith – empress of blues. Tin Pan Alley style. 12 bar structure made up of 3 phrases of four bars each. basic 3 chord pattern. a 3 line AAB text.
Country Blues
Country: Comes from Mississippi Delta region. The music of an impoverished black workforce. can be 8, 12, or 16 bar forms. many different uses of numbers of chords or riffs. different regional styles. Charley Patton, Blind Lemon Jefferson, Robert Johnson,
Geocenter of Rap: the Bronx
Birthplace of hip hop. economically devastated area in the 70s. “Hustlers Convention” very influential record. Run DMC and Public Enemy B.I.G.
Rap Geocenter: California
New school rap coming in the 80s. Smoother and more laid back than new york rap but often had darker lyrics. Ice-T, NWA, Ice Cube. Gangsta shit. Snoop Dog. Tupac.
Rap Geocenter Miami
2 live crew. thats about it.
Crossing over
achieving popularity in more than one marketing category
Doo-Wop
influences of gospel and blues. vocal sounds other than words
Funk
Dance oriented rythms, catchy melodies, call and response between vocals and instruments, and heavy reliance on repeated, rhythmically interlocking patterns. Rythm and horn sections.
Album Oriented Rock, AOR
Aimed at young white males 13-25. Led Zeppelin and Pink Floyd. excluded black artists.
Race music & Hillbilly music:
Similarities: