secular
non religious music
sacred music
religious or spiritual music for church
middle ages (time)
476-1450

the crusades happened during which time period

The Middle Ages
liturgy
the set order of church services and the structure of each service
chant
a monophonic single line melody
Gregorian Chant

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also known as plainchant or plainsong

consists of a single line melody

monophonic in texture and lacks harmony and counterpoint

 

syllabic
one note sung to each syllable of the text
neumatic
5-6 notes sung to a syllable
melismatic
long groups of notes set to a single syllable of text
neumes
ascending and descending symbols written above the words to suggest the countours of the melody of chants
modes
scale patterns
The Mass

Offices-a series of services celebrated at various hours of the day in monotaries and convents

Mass-the most solumn ritual of the catholic church, generally attended by public worshippers

2 categories of Prayer-proper:text that vary day to day and the ordinary: texts that stay the same

 

Ordinary
Kyrie, Gloria, Credo, Sanctus, Agnus Dei
cloister
a place for religious seclusion
responsorial
alternating between a soloist and chorus
polyphony

combo of two or more simultaneous melodic lines

single most important development in the history of western music

organum

the earliest polyphonic music

grew our of the custom of adding a second voice to a Gregorian Melody at the interval of a fifth or fourth

Leonin
compiled the Great Book of Organum
rhythmic mode
a fixed pattern of long and short notes that is repeated or varied over a sustained bottom voice (tenor)
motet
one of the most important developments in medieval polyphony which came about with the addition of new texts to highly melismatic organum
Machaut

his music introduced a new freedom of rhythm characterized by gentle syncopations and the interplay of duple and triple meters

-liked love poems

-wrote chansons

-a composer-poet

-wrote both religious and secular music

-wrote more than 20 motets

 

culture of middle ages

-fall of roman empire

-church and state were powerful

-rise of monastaries

-music was religious

-trade flourished