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the transition from the Baroque Style to the full flowering of classical music. |
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Time span of Preclassical Period |
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Important Pioneers in this new style |
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Bach’s sons: 1. Carl Philipp Emanuel 2. Johann Christian |
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Around the middle of the 18th century , what did composers concentrate on in their music? |
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What happened to the texture? |
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Polyphony was neglected. Favoured tuneful melody and simple harmony. |
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How did mid-eighteenth-century composers entertain their listeners? and what is this style called? |
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offered CONTRASTS of MOODS & THEMES. style gallant (light graceful music) |
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What style in art is style galant comparable to |
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where is the term classical from? |
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Traits found in fully developed classical style in music |
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parallel between “classical” and “neoclassical” art is a common stress on balance and clarity of nature. |
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Classical style flourished from about … |
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Master composers of the Classical Period |
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Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -contrast of mood |
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classical composition would FLUCTUATE IN MOOD. There are contrasting themes within a movement. Striking contrasts within a single theme. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -rhythm |
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adds variety to classical music classical music has a wealth of rhythmic patterns Contains unexpected pauses, syncopations, and frequent changes from long notes to shorter notes. The change from one pattern of note length to another may be sudden/gradual. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -Texture |
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homophonic, as flexibly as rhythm. sudden/smooth shift from one texture to another. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -melody |
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most tuneful and easiest to remember. a times, composers borrowed popular tunes. more often, wrote originals w/ a popular character. They sound balanced, symmetrical cuz they are made up of 2 phrases of the same length. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -dynamics and the piano |
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desire for gradual dynamic change led to the replacement of the harpsichord by the piano (around 1775). |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style -end of basso continuo |
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why? more music was written for amateurs, who could not maser the art of improvise an accompaniment. and classicalists wanted more control. |
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Standard group of 4 sections in a classical orchestra. |
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strings, woodwinds, brass && percussion. |
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1st violins, 2d violins, violas, cellos, double bass |
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2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons |
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2 French horns, 2 trumpets |
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Where were trombones used? |
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opera, church music, not solely in instrumental works |
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Bigger orchestra : classical or Baroque |
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classical compositions have greater variety of tone colour |
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most important section of the orchestra |
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violins – taking the melody lower strings – an accompaniment |
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added contrasting tone colors , often given melodic solos |
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brought power to loud passages + filled out the harmony – not main melody |
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rhythmic bite and emphasis |
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Compositions of the classical period consist of movement that _____ and _____. how are 4 movements arranged? |
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tempo and character 1) fast 2) slow 3) dance-related 4) fast |
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classical symphonies and string quartets follow a ___ movement pattern. classical sonatas may consist of ___,___,___ or ___ movements. |
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what is a symphony written for |
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what (instruments) is a string quartet written for ? |
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2 violins, viola and cello |
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what is a sonata written for? |
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Generar characteristics of the classical form? talk about themes (how many) |
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– contrast themes vividly – contains 2/3/4 or more themes of diff. character (baroque has only 1) |
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