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| the transition from the Baroque Style to the full flowering of classical music. |
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| Time span of Preclassical Period |
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| Important Pioneers in this new style |
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Bach’s sons:
1. Carl Philipp Emanuel
2. Johann Christian |
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| Around the middle of the 18th century , what did composers concentrate on in their music? |
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| What happened to the texture? |
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| Polyphony was neglected. Favoured tuneful melody and simple harmony. |
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| How did mid-eighteenth-century composers entertain their listeners? and what is this style called? |
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| offered CONTRASTS of MOODS & THEMES. style gallant (light graceful music) |
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| What style in art is style galant comparable to |
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| where is the term classical from? |
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| Traits found in fully developed classical style in music |
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| parallel between “classical” and “neoclassical” art is a common stress on balance and clarity of nature. |
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| Classical style flourished from about … |
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| Master composers of the Classical Period |
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| Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-contrast of mood |
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classical composition would FLUCTUATE IN MOOD.
There are contrasting themes within a movement.
Striking contrasts within a single theme. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-rhythm |
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adds variety to classical music
classical music has a wealth of rhythmic patterns
Contains unexpected pauses, syncopations, and frequent changes from long notes to shorter notes.
The change from one pattern of note length to another may be sudden/gradual. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-Texture |
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| homophonic, as flexibly as rhythm. sudden/smooth shift from one texture to another. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-melody |
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most tuneful and easiest to remember. a times, composers borrowed popular tunes. more often, wrote originals w/ a popular character.
They sound balanced, symmetrical cuz they are made up of 2 phrases of the same length. |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-dynamics and the piano |
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| desire for gradual dynamic change led to the replacement of the harpsichord by the piano (around 1775). |
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Characteristics of the Classical Style
-end of basso continuo |
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why? more music was written for amateurs, who could not maser the art of improvise an accompaniment.
and classicalists wanted more control. |
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| Standard group of 4 sections in a classical orchestra. |
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| strings, woodwinds, brass && percussion. |
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| 1st violins, 2d violins, violas, cellos, double bass |
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| 2 flutes, 2 oboes, 2 clarinets, 2 bassoons |
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| 2 French horns, 2 trumpets |
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| Where were trombones used? |
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| opera, church music, not solely in instrumental works |
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| Bigger orchestra : classical or Baroque |
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| classical compositions have greater variety of tone colour |
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| most important section of the orchestra |
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violins – taking the melody
lower strings – an accompaniment |
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| added contrasting tone colors , often given melodic solos |
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| brought power to loud passages + filled out the harmony – not main melody |
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| rhythmic bite and emphasis |
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| Compositions of the classical period consist of movement that _____ and _____. how are 4 movements arranged? |
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tempo and character
1) fast 2) slow 3) dance-related 4) fast |
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classical symphonies and string quartets follow a ___ movement pattern.
classical sonatas may consist of ___,___,___ or ___ movements. |
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| what is a symphony written for |
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| what (instruments) is a string quartet written for ? |
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| 2 violins, viola and cello |
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| what is a sonata written for? |
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| Generar characteristics of the classical form? talk about themes (how many) |
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– contrast themes vividly
– contains 2/3/4 or more themes of diff. character (baroque has only 1) |
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