Teapot Dome and other scandals of the Harding Administration- (Page 489) In 1924 a Senate investigation exposed the full scope of the scandals. Charles Forbes was convicted of stealing Veterans’ Bureau funds and evaded prison by fleeing abroad. Teapot Dome scandal involved Interior Secretary Fall, who went to Jail for secretly leasing government oil reserves in Elk Hills, Call and Teapot Dome, Wyoming to two oilmen while accepting “loans” from them totaling $400,000.
Charles Evans Hughes and Washington Naval Arms Conference- (Page 88-489) President Hoarding’s Secretary of state who proposed that the destruction of ships to achieve an agreed upon ratio of craft among the world’s naval powers. Naval arms conference called by Harding In 1921 when naval race between US, Brutal, and Japan was a danger, they pledged to reduce battleships but failed to prevent war, US and Japan recognized each others territory in the Pacific and represented a pioneering arms-control effort. F. Scott Fitzgerald- (Page 495) Was part of both the jazz age and the lost generation.
Wrote books encouraging the flapper culture, and kooks scorning wealthy people being self-centered. He wrote This Side of Paradise where he romanticizes interpretation of the affluent postwar young. Ernest Hemingway- (Page 496) Innovative writer whose novels reflected the disillusionment of many Americans with propaganda and patriotic idealism; confronted war and the passion that Americans had in his writings. He wrote the best war novel where he powerfully depicted the war’s futility and leaders’ Inflated rhetoric and captured the disillusionment of the author’s generation.
Harlem Renaissance- (Page 496-498) a lowering of African American culture In the sass; Instilled Interest In African American culture and pride in being an African American. It was a surge of creativity that spanned musical reviews, poems, and novels exploring the AJAX experience. Cultural nationalists would see it as a step toward an authentic American culture that owed nothing to London or Paris. Cacao and Vendetta- (Page 499-500) two Italian-born anarchists, unfairly tried and convicted for the armed robbery and murder of two pay-clerks in Massachusetts in 1920.
On April 15,1920 robbers shot and killed the mastery and guard of a shoe factory in South Brainteaser,Mass and stole nearly $18,000. Cacao and Vendetta were arrested and charged and found guilty in 1921. They were executed. UK Klux Klan of the sass- (Page 501-502) In 1920, two Atlanta public-relations specialists propelled the Klan Into a national organization by stressing naturals and white supremacy. A recruitment campaign promised money to everyone wealth an elaborate sales web. The revived Klan targets were not only blacks but Catholics,Jew, and immigrants.
Most of its members came from blue-collar hen John Thomas Scopes violated a Tennessee state law by teaching evolution in high school; pitted the teaching of Darning’s theory of evolution against teaching Bible creationism. They didn’t want to believe anything that went against the literal interpretation of the bible. Violated Act, “Wets” and “Dry”- (Page 502-503) The Act specified that “no person shall manufacture, sell, barter, transport, import, export, deliver, furnish or possess any intoxicating liquor except as authorized by this act. ” It did not specifically prohibit the purchase or use of intoxicating liquors.
It established the Prohibition Bureau and it was largely undereducated and ineffective. The “Dry” were usually native-born Protestants that praised prohibition as a necessary and legitimate reform. The “Wets” were liberals, alienated intellectuals, Jazz Age rebels and urban immigrants that condemned it as moralistic meddling. Bootlegging- (Page 502) Illegal manufacture of alcohol usually made in bathtubs and known as bathtub gin. Smuggling of alcohol into speakeasies. Forefend-Encumber- This tariff rose the rates on imported goods in the hopes that domestic manufacturing would prosper.
This prevented foreign trade, which hampered the economy since Europe could not pay its debts if it could not trade. ;, raised taxes on U. S import to 60% especially in the chemical and metals industries Smooth-Hawley- This tariff was one of Herbert Hover’s early efforts to protect the nation’s farmers at the onset of the Great Depression. Raised price of foreign imports so they couldn’t compete with American goods. It didn’t work and hurt international trade. Flappers-(Page 495) women in the sass’s who bobbed their hair, wore short skirts, and defied the morals and restrictions of he earlier generations.
They were sophisticated, fashionable, pleasure-mad young women. They symbolized an elaborate complex of cultural values. Sinclair Lewis- (Page 495-496) American novelist who satirized middle-class America and attacked society in his 22 works, including Bait (1922) and Elmer Gantry (1927). He was the first American to receive (1930) a Nobel Prize for literature. Longboats Hughes- (Page 497) African American poet who described the rich culture of African American life using rhythms influenced by Jazz music. He wrote of African American hope and affiance, as well as the culture of Harlem and also had a major impact on the Harlem Renaissance.
He transformed the oral traditions of transplanted southern blacks into The Weary Blues. Immigration Acts, quotas-(Page 499) Set of laws starting in 1921 that set quotas for the number of immigrants let in. The quota system represented the most enduring counterattack of rural, native-born America against the immigrant cities. Marcus Graver- (Page 498,502) Many poor urban blacks turned to him. He was head of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, he urged black economic operation and founded a chain of UNION grocery stores and other business.